1 Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
2 University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
3 The Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Ullevål Stadion, Oslo, Norway
Jannike Øyen ✉ Department of Surgical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. Email: jannike.oyen@kir.uib.no
Publish Date
Received: 17-12-2008 Accepted: 09-02-2009 Published (online): 01-03-2009
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self- reported versus diagnosed stress fractures in female elite athletes and non-athletic controls. A random sample of Norwegian elite athletes from the national teams, aged 13-39 years (n = 186) and a random sample of non-athletic controls (n = 145) in the same age group participated in the study. The athletes represented a junior- or senior team, or a recruiting squad for one of these teams, in one of 46 different sports/events. A higher percentage of athletes self-reported stress fractures (14.0%) compared to those diagnosed with stress fractures (8.1%) (p < 0.001). Six controls self- reported stress fractures, but none of them were diagnosed with stress fractures. These results indicate that self-reporting of stress fractures has low validity. This finding has important implications for further research on stress fractures in athletes.
Key words:
Imaging, sports, injuries, validity
Key
Points
This study is the first to compare self-reported and diagnosed stress fractures in the total population of elite athletes representing all kinds of sports.
The results indicate that self-reporting of stress fractures has low validity in both athletes and non-athletic controls, and other measurement methods should be considered when evaluating possible stress fractures.
Based on our results, stress fractures seem to be a sport-related injury.
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